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Introduction

Instead, of separating the organisational goals and foundation of social entrepreneurship from conventional for-profit organisations, most attempts at describing social enterprise to date have concentrated on adopting existing theoretical approaches to entrepreneurialism and non-profits. Concerning the definition of what social innovation is and is not, there is little agreement among both scholars and practitioners. Understanding the differences between social entrepreneurial ventures and commercial entrepreneurial pursuits and non-profit organisations is crucial before attempting to define entrepreneurial activity in a precise and unambiguous way. In terms of their motivations, objectives, antecedent circumstances, methods, entrepreneurial roles, and results, this article distinguishes between various endeavours. This, in my opinion, will help to further aid in the provision of a succinct assessment of the state of knowledge in the newly developing field of social enterprise and generates fresh issues and ideas for further study on this subject. The paper's primary focus is on the effects of social enterprise on the current value of different features of Canada that have been produced by the country's shrinking welfare state. It is curious to learn about the importance of social entrepreneurship. The purpose of the study shall further aid us to evaluate the advantages offered by social companies in Canada in addressing all human needs and achieving better sociocultural and environmental results.

Discussion

The nature, velocity, and variety of change's drivers suggest that nonprofit organisations should investigate, or at the very least, evaluate, various nonprofit-specific change techniques. Using social enterprise to assist an organisation adapt to changing circumstances in the external world is one of the strongest indicators of a nonprofit-specific transformation strategy. The notion of social business is looked at in connection to transformation in nonprofit organisations in this chapter.

The majority of readers are aware that Canada is physically organised into five major regions, three territories, and 10 regions. These territorial as well as geographical settings are crucial because they significantly influence the legal frameworks under which social companies are born (McMurtry and Brouard 2019). Canada has four parliamentary levels of government: the federal, provincial/territorial, regional or national, and indigenous. Due to a lengthy history of colonisation and decolonization, which has led to substantial overlap and disputes here between different governments over policy authority, legislative duties are distributed among the several administrations (Tirtosudarmo and Tirtosudarmo 2018). It is unclear whose government-level authority developing sectors and organizations, also including social entrepreneurship, belong under, whose role it is to encourage this sort of activity, how to coordinate these regulations, and the best way to support and codify activity that arises from the activity of professionals as compared to politicians. This uncertainty, and often outright disagreement, at the parliamentary level causes a number of issues for these organizations and industries.

Last but not least, several government programmes are viewed in the context of colonialism, particularly in the Francophone and Aboriginal communities, which hinders the creation of distinct national policies, practises, or frameworks (Hogarth and Fletcher 2018). In addition, there are opportunities for exploration and development due to the diversity of cultural and organizational settings within a single nation. The development and use of social entrepreneurship in Canada have been significantly impacted by the variety of cultural and legal environments in Canada. In significant ways, social businesses have assimilated into or have been assimilated into these structural and regulatory groups. In order to properly examine social businesses in Canada, one must first address the distinct geographical and cultural environment in which they are born. Significant conflicts can be found even within geographical and cultural contexts. For instance, the francophone population in Québec prefers to define the social economic system as a whole rather than social business as the dominating notion. This is the outcome of important and outstanding work by several progressive movements and organisations.

In Canada, social business has further developed in reaction to the government's people' access to a shrinking welfare state (McQuilten et al. 2020). By offering its customers different social advantages, it is also adapting to the shifting requirements of society. Consequently, it can be claimed that a social enterprise's contribution to the Canadian economy is essential to the growth of the nation. Its function can be equated to that of the government in offering a range of social amenities to its people. It is a non-governmental organisation that aids low-income populations and neighbourhoods through a variety of initiatives, such as hiring the unemployed or assisting them in starting their own enterprises to generate some additional money (Brouard et al. 2015). By giving jobless individuals work and the skills they need to remain competitive, it is also having an important effect. The country's economy can expand if the people's economic circumstances are improved. The main issues raised in this study focus on social entrepreneurs' role in Canada in meeting citizens' social needs. Its main features are social entrepreneurship's influence on economic growth and its function in improving recipients' standard of living through a systems-changing social innovation strategy. The main duties and obligations of social entrepreneurs have already been assessed for creating ecologically friendly products and placing a strong emphasis on possible charitable endeavours (Wang et al. 2020). In order to increase the contribution of these businesses to the general growth of the nation, this article discusses the current issues in this sector in Canada and suggests a suitable solution. The paper also emphasises the significance of creating appropriate policies that can encourage the expansion of this industry and make it easier for nonprofit organisations to form strategic alliances with for-profit companies and other nonprofit organisations in order to broaden their operation's boundaries.

By bridging the wealth gap and assisting the underprivileged in overcoming their socioeconomic obstacles, social businesses have significantly contributed to the growth of our community. Governments and other stakeholders, in my opinion, must support and promote these groups' efforts if they are to fully serve the impoverished segments of society. Past developments have seen social companies become a crucial component of the Canadian economy, and they have made a tremendous contribution to the expansion of this sector (Sengupta, Sahay and Croce 2018). Also, I think this is a fantastic alternative to conventional company models since they have a higher potential to significantly benefit society than conventional corporations do. These groups are essential in encouraging national environmental sustainability and assisting the government in more effectively achieving its objectives. By giving millions of Canadians access to improved healthcare, high-quality education, and other necessary services with no regard for prejudice, they significantly contribute to the transformation of Canadian society. The development of social entrepreneurship is significantly influenced by the external environment, much like many aspects and procedures in non-profit organisations.

Social enterprise is a notion and a way of doing business in nonprofit organisations that combines individualism-based entrepreneurship and self-sufficiency with the hallmarks of communal action seen in social movements. Although it presents a wealth of potential, social entrepreneurship as a transformation approach may herald formidable obstacles that outweigh its advantages. Consequently, in order to use social business as a successful transformation approach, non-profit organisations must discover strategies to reduce its drawbacks.

In order to contextualise the following articles, we must consider the greater setting of the social, governmental, as well as socioeconomic conditions within which the practise of social business has arisen in Canada.

In conclusion, we should acknowledge that the five cultural categories mentioned above are not only endogenous in their origin, but also significantly impacted by external forces in manners that are both relatively unique and educated by observation, learning, and trade. In Canada's social business growth, Indigenous history as well as traditional practises, and a diversity of immigrant populations, we have found five exogenous factors that differ in their effects. None of these elements are single or uniform, yet it's crucial to understand their effects and particular influences. Another crucial to keep in mind is the fact that many social businesses depend in one form or another upon government assistance to further their charitable objectives. Notwithstanding all of these conflicts, social business is an idea and a practise that is becoming more and more popular across Canada and is an innovative, developing economic sector. Furthermore, even though it is not widely accepted, the idea is one that is expressly employed across the nation and has been institutionalised in a number of countries legal frameworks. Nonetheless, it is true that policy officials, researchers, and activists are only recently beginning to catch up to the developments on the grassroots. Research scholars and society organizations activists have indeed embraced the phrase in a number of ways.

Conclusion

The reader has to be reminded that even though these social entrepreneurship models have spread across the nation, they are mostly nested inside the cultural settings mentioned above. Even when the social enterprise concept is in a minority or emerging position within a certain cultural environment (such as company with a social purpose in Québec), it nonetheless frequently reflects that setting. In other terms, the environments that support social businesses differ greatly and rely on the circumstances that gave rise to them. Furthermore, when analysing conceptual frameworks and terminologies, it is important to keep in mind that different social actors choose different social enterprise models. In the same way that they can be "encouraged" by governmental policy at the nationwide, regional governments, state and local level or imposed "top-down" by businesses, non-profit organisations, or underpinnings, social enterprises can be established sui generis by neighbourhoods, individuals, or entrepreneurs, or resembling groups, predicated on a broad spectrum of social objectives and missions.

References

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Brouard, F. et al. (2009) "Development of a Social Enterprise Typology in a Canadian Context," Research Gate, pp. 15–18.

Brouard, F., McMurtry, J.J. and Vieta, M. (2015) “Social Enterprises Models in Canada: Ontario,” Canadian journal of nonprofit and social economy research, 6(1). Available at: https://doi.org/10.22230/cjnser.2015v6n1a195.

Costa, M. (2013) “Social return on investment,” Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility, pp. 2238–2244. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28036-8_734.

Diaz-Sarachaga, J.M. and Ariza-Montes, A. (2022) “The role of social entrepreneurship in the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals,” Journal of Business Research, 152, pp. 242–250. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.07.061

 Groot, A. and Dankbaar, B. (2018) “Does Social Innovation require social entrepreneurship?,” Technology Innovation Management Review, 4(12), pp. 17–26. Available at: https://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/854.

Hebb, T., Madill, J. and Brouard, F. (2019) “10. exploring Social Transformation, financial self-sufficiency, and innovation in Canadian Social Enterprises,” Businesses with a Difference, pp. 223–242. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3138/9781442694477-012.

Hogarth, K. and Fletcher, W.L., 2018. A space for race: Decoding racism, multiculturalism, and post-colonialism in the quest for belonging in Canada and beyond. Oxford University Press. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=i05WDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=some+government+initiatives+are+seen+in+the+context+of+colonization,+especially+in+the+Francophone+and+Indigenous+communities,+which+hampers+the+development&ots=eflAN3HDTE&sig=WE1fk6Vs2QB45qCms4kfPXCl8Yo

Kim, D. and Lim, U. (2017) “Social Enterprise as a catalyst for sustainable local and Regional Development,” Sustainability, 9(8), p. 1427. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/su9081427.

McMurtry, J.J. and Brouard, F. (2019) “Social Enterprises in Canada: An introduction,” Canadian journal of nonprofit and social economy research, 6(1). Available at: https://doi.org/10.22230/cjnser.2015v6n1a199.

McQuilten, G., Warr, D., Humphery, K. and Spiers, A., 2020. Ambivalent entrepreneurs: Arts-based social enterprise in a neoliberal world. Social Enterprise Journal, 16(2), pp.121-140. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/SEJ-03-2019-0015/full/html?utm_campaign=Emerald_Strategy_PPV_November22_RoN

Sengupta, S., Sahay, A. and Croce, F., 2018. Conceptualizing social entrepreneurship in the context of emerging economies: an integrative review of past research from BRIICS. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 14, pp.771-803. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11365-017-0483-2

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Wang, X., Yuen, K.F., Wong, Y.D. and Li, K.X., 2020. How can the maritime industry meet Sustainable Development Goals? An analysis of sustainability reports from the social entrepreneurship perspective. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 78, p.102173. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361920919309472

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