This article seeks to investigate the labor market reactions of 18 and 19-year-old individuals to a significant change in unemployment support at times of massive recession in Ireland. Further, the article was focused on assessing the influence of an unexpectedly massive benefits cut on the duration of unemployment during a recession time. The research problem being addressed is to determine the unemployment circumstances of disadvantaged youth in Ireland along with the long-run impacts. More specifically, the problem is to recognize the influence of benefit cuts on young disadvantaged individuals during the period of the Great Recession. The main findings suggest that the benefit cut momentously declines unemployment duration, with withdrawal to training and work, counting for the preponderance of such effect (Doris et al., 2020).
The themes that were presented in the literature entail an analysis of the Irish welfare system during the recession period. The researchers were found to investigate benefit cuts of the order to six percent, seventeen percent, and more respectively. No more theme in the literature review was found in the study. However, there was a table in the appendix which demonstrated the summary of literature towards the focus of the research topic. The studies and previous scholars were found to investigate using an econometric approach impact of benefits cuts on the duration of unemployment. The literature review in this article discusses how the majority of the present and existing studies are restricted to the unemployment duration concerning different age groups and different genders (Doris et al., 2020).
As per Mohamed Shaffril et al. (2021), there is of no doubt that literature in the quantitative study can be demonstrated at the study's starting to give direction for the research questions or hypotheses. The authors of the chosen article provided the literature initially in the study however offered restricted direction for the research questions since they did not elucidate the cause behind the literature organization, definite methods, or the definite limits of any considered studies used in the review of literature. The demonstrated literature in the article does not address the overview of relevant key terms such as benefits cuts; unemployment rates; and so on. Therefore, it can be inferred that the literature review in this article was not as comprehensive as it must be.
Also, this literature review failed to emphasize middle-aged employees in the nation to analyze the unemployment rates. Therefore, it is considered a literature review gap that can be fulfilled in future studies. The literature review has successfully found that the benefit cut refined employment opportunities in the long term. However, the review was not able to recognize its influence on the earnings in the long term. Nevertheless, the impacts of benefit cuts might be more constructive than they have been brought in superior workforce market situations.
It can be said that the review of literature in this article is effective in figuring out what is already known about the topic. Moreover, it can assist in planning the methodology of the research study. It might assist the scholar in the choice of suitable techniques and methods in which to carry out the research (Kraus et al., 2020). It was analyzed that the literature review is not clear. It is written extremely concisely and encompasses the majority of paraphrases with minimum direct quotes. This review is found to contain older studies as well as references which shows this topic of study has been explored for numerous years.
The scholars of this article reported that the research's objective was to study to impact of benefit cuts on the unemployment rate in Ireland, yet the research design was found as observational, open, non-comparative, and so on. Henceforth, the design and aims of this study were found as contradictory. This study used welfare duration administrative data to conduct the study. It further used a quantitative technique namely RD (regression discontinuity) method (Doris et al., 2020).
It was found that the chosen method was appropriate for this study since it used quasi-experimental interventions along with the data on the whole population of unemployed individuals. This was proved to offer an exclusive prospect to recognize the influence of benefit cuts on the youngsters in recession time. However, the study failed to have a well-written purpose outline for the readers to let them know of variables, relations, and research. It can be said that the absence of such an outline compels the readers to make suppositions of what factors scholars are employing and what relations between factors the scholars intend. Moreover, it is said that a clear-cut purpose outline can orient the readers to what will be explored in the study and offers a flashlight through the study to direct the literature discussion, offering perceptions to scholars' suppositions via the choice of theoretic outline, choice of analytical technical, findings, and conclusions (Mukherjee et al., 2023).
On the positive side, the article has successfully considered JA (jobseeker allowance) applicants who can enter directly. Also, it clearly stated the sample size and number of claims used. However, the instrument used in this article was challenging to comprehend and was not properly demonstrated and discussed. There was no mention of how the participants were chosen which might threaten the internal validity of the study.
With regards to data analysis, it was found that the article was successful in presenting well-written grounds for the findings of this study and addressed the research question made in the article. Also, it provided an elucidation of the relevance of the findings for the variables chosen and assessed. It was interpreted from the analysis that there has been a decline in unemployment duration of nearly forty weeks at the threshold with regards to 18-year-old individuals. Moreover, the findings are aligned with the literature results. It is so since it was found that for the group of young applicants, there has been less variance in the percentage treated by gender. It was mainly asserted that the significance of 18-year-old findings is strong around bandwidth for men as well as women. Therefore, data analysis in this article proved the research question.
The findings delineated in this article might be feasible and useful for the industry contestants and society in general. It will further help policymakers and industry partners to make sound decisions for the unemployed. Also, with the help of this study's findings, government officials can work effectively to take macroeconomic policy actions by carrying out more diligent inquiry into the determinant of benefit cuts for unemployed individuals. The studies in the area of this article are predicted to lead to establishing a nuanced comprehension of the unemployment dynamics with an emphasis on customized policies for recovery.
The strong point of this article is that the scholars get access to higher quality administrative data on the applicants' population which helped them to bring forth generalized findings. Moreover, the volume of the primary data gathered in this study can be considered as the strength of the analysis and findings. However, the weak point of this article lies in its thoroughness which implies that the article does not conduct thorough secondary research in terms of literature review. This has prevented the scholars from assessing the relations between numerous ideas that occurred in the study (Van Laar et al., 2020). Also, there was scarce information available on different themes in the secondary data.
The work in this article might serve as a foundation for the forthcoming research in the area of unemployment duration and benefit cuts subjects. The emphasis of this article implies that benefit cuts have impacts on the unemployment rates of young people which is essential to society. Therefore, it is vital for scholars to continually investigate such issues. It is interpreted that the findings of this study provided instances of a long-term impact of the benefit cut on employment opportunities however instances of any impact on employment quality concerning earning. Therefore, future research can be conducted to investigate the impact of benefit cut on the quality of job specifically to analyze earning potentials. It might be possible that there might be negative consequences of the benefit cuts despite their positive impact on the unemployment duration. Therefore, future studies can be conducted to explore the negative impacts of benefit cuts on the applicants' reliance on family. This would assist the scholar in giving the proof required to figure out the suitable benefit rates for youngsters.
The key takeaway from this article is that numerous researches on unemployment recommend that higher replacement ratios lead to higher unemployment rates.
Doris, A., O’Neill, D., & Sweetman, O. (2020). Does Reducing Unemployment Benefits during a Recession Reduce Youth Unemployment?: Evidence from a 50 Percent Cut in Unemployment Assistance. Journal of Human Resources, 55(3), 902-925.
Kraus, S., Breier, M., & Dasí-Rodríguez, S. (2020). The art of crafting a systematic literature review in entrepreneurship research. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 16, 1023-1042.
Mohamed Shaffril, H. A., Samsuddin, S. F., & Abu Samah, A. (2021). The ABC of systematic literature review: the basic methodological guidance for beginners. Quality & Quantity, 55, 1319-1346.
Mukherjee, A., Kumar, G., & Lodha, R. (2023). How to Present Results in a Research Paper. In The Quintessence of Basic and Clinical Research and Scientific Publishing (pp. 717-731). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
Van Laar, E., Van Deursen, A. J., Van Dijk, J. A., & de Haan, J. (2020). Determinants of 21st-century skills and 21st-century digital skills for workers: A systematic literature review. Sage Open, 10(1), 2158244019900176.
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